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Loss of biodiversity - caused and solved by globalisation?: Difference between revisions
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Loss of biodiversity - caused and solved by globalisation? (view source)
Revision as of 15:23, 5 December 2009
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===Value=== | ===Value=== | ||
Talking about biodiversity loss the value of the variety of life must become clear: On the one hand there is a direct use-value: Consumption or production of marketable commodities: Providing products for example food, medicine, industrial ones, recreation, genetic information for medicine etc. On the other hand there are indirect use-values, more difficult to quantify: More diverse systems are more resilience in the fact of natural and anthropogenic variations in their environment (cf. Heal, 2002, p. 3). This value stands for itself but is as well related to the main indirect use-value: Ecosystem services- on that all people fundamentally depend. For example: bacteria and microbes that transform waste into usable products or coral reefs and mangroves that protect coastlines (cf. UNEP, 2007, p. 158). In newer times lots of economic science tries to quantify in monetary aspects these ecosystem functions: For example “Honeybees as pollinators for agricultural crops – US$ 2-8 billion/ year” (UNEP, 2007, p. 161). | Talking about biodiversity loss the value of the variety of life must become clear: On the one hand there is a direct use-value: Consumption or production of marketable commodities: Providing products for example food, medicine, industrial ones, recreation, genetic information for medicine etc. | ||
On the other hand there are indirect use-values, more difficult to quantify: More diverse systems are more resilience in the fact of natural and anthropogenic variations in their environment (cf. Heal, 2002, p. 3). This value stands for itself but is as well related to the main indirect use-value: Ecosystem services- on that all people fundamentally depend. For example: bacteria and microbes that transform waste into usable products or coral reefs and mangroves that protect coastlines (cf. UNEP, 2007, p. 158). In newer times lots of economic science tries to quantify in monetary aspects these ecosystem functions: For example “Honeybees as pollinators for agricultural crops – US$ 2-8 billion/ year” (UNEP, 2007, p. 161). | |||
Apart from these use-values biological diversity may have a variety of non-use values including | Apart from these use-values biological diversity may have a variety of non-use values including | ||
*optional value (for future use or non-use), | *optional value (for future use or non-use), | ||
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*and intrinsic value | *and intrinsic value | ||
(cf. Gaston & Spicer, 2004, p.105). | (cf. Gaston & Spicer, 2004, p.105). | ||
Many of the services provided by biodiversity are public goods and it is hardly to imagine if these services go down or cease to apply. | |||
Many of the services provided by biodiversity are public goods and it is hardly to imagine if these services go down or cease to apply. | |||
==Loss of Biodiversity== | ==Loss of Biodiversity== | ||