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Shopping centres: Difference between revisions
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== Problems connected to commercialization – urban, environmental and social aspects<br> == | == Problems connected to commercialization – urban, environmental and social aspects<br> == | ||
The existence of shopping centres definately brings several benefits to society. These can be employment, shopping availability, economic growth. However numerous unpleasant consequences of the contruction of shopping centres have been observed. A list of the most important ones follows. <br> | |||
<br>1. The question of population decline in the city centre emerges as more and more buildings are loosing their residential function and used for office or retail areas instead. <br>2. As a result, people move out of the centre but commute there to work or for shopping, which causes traffic congestions. Suppliers contribute as well. | <br>1. The question of population decline in the city centre emerges as more and more buildings are loosing their residential function and used for office or retail areas instead. <br>2. As a result, people move out of the centre but commute there to work or for shopping, which causes traffic congestions. Suppliers contribute as well. | ||
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<br>3. At the expense of new construction investments the already rare greenery is diminishing in the city centre.<br> | <br>3. At the expense of new construction investments the already rare greenery is diminishing in the city centre.<br> | ||
[[Image: | [[Image:Envis vlastni.jpg]]<br> | ||
Fig.3: The development of different types of land in Prague, ENVIS<ref>ENVIS, 2007: http://envis.praha-mesto.cz/%28cvvouk454exf1gmszo5zjmia%29/zdroj.aspx?typ=2&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;Id=79433&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;sh=-1015397439</ref> | Fig.3: The development of different types of land in Prague, ENVIS<ref>ENVIS, 2007: http://envis.praha-mesto.cz/%28cvvouk454exf1gmszo5zjmia%29/zdroj.aspx?typ=2&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;Id=79433&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;sh=-1015397439</ref> | ||
*Eventhough politicians like to pride themselves with numbers of newly planted trees or hectares of newly set up urban greenery, this chart shows that in total the nature-like land (forest, water, agricultural and other areas) has more or less stagnated, whereas the built-up area has increased has risen significantly since 1990.<br><br> | *Eventhough politicians like to pride themselves with numbers of newly planted trees or hectares of newly set up urban greenery, this chart shows that in total the nature-like land (forest, water, agricultural and other areas) has more or less stagnated, whereas the built-up area has increased has risen significantly since 1990.<br><br> | ||
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[[Image:240px-Villagecinemas cernymost.jpg]]Entertainment centre Černý Most, Prague, Czech republic<br> | [[Image:240px-Villagecinemas cernymost.jpg]]Entertainment centre Černý Most, Prague, Czech republic<br> | ||
*New projects engage foreign investors, which reflects in their names (Anděl Bussiness Center), in the similarity of financing (the developer designs the exterior x the client chooses the interior composition) and in construction similarity - groundscraper model | *New projects engage foreign investors, which reflects in their names (Anděl Bussiness Center), in the similarity of financing (the developer designs the exterior x the client chooses the interior composition) and in construction similarity. A new type of construction occurs, it is the so-called groundscraper model. A grounscraper takes the american way (skyscraper) of construction but adjusts it to european conditions. It is a horizontal building fulfiling a whole block and besides offices it includes other functions - shopping, entertainment, food. The concept can be illustrated by pictures from Wikipedia Commons: | ||
[[Image:240px-AON WAKAMATSU SHOPPING CENTER.jpg]] Shopping centre Wakamatsu. Fukuoka, Japan<br>[[Image:240px-Galerie Butovice.jpg]] Galerie Butovice, Prague, Czech republic<br>[[Image:240px-Praha-letnany.jpg]] Shopping centre Letňany, Prague, Czech republic<br> | [[Image:240px-AON WAKAMATSU SHOPPING CENTER.jpg]] Shopping centre Wakamatsu. Fukuoka, Japan<br>[[Image:240px-Galerie Butovice.jpg]] Galerie Butovice, Prague, Czech republic<br>[[Image:240px-Praha-letnany.jpg]] Shopping centre Letňany, Prague, Czech republic<br> | ||