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World Environment Organization: Difference between revisions
World Environment Organization (view source)
Revision as of 10:36, 25 January 2010
, 10:36, 25 January 2010→Specialized-Agency-Approach
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=====Specialized-Agency-Approach===== | =====Specialized-Agency-Approach===== | ||
The aim of the last approach is to get an entity for environmental. A variety of models have been proposed for such an organization, ranging from a hierarchical and centralized body with considerable power to a more loose form of clustering of MEAs and their secretariat. Discussions are about rule making, stand-setting and enforcement; its relationship with existing MEAs: whether it should be part of the UN or excluded of it; whether it would advantage or disadvantage the interest of developing countries. But all models do have some advantages in common: The financial system and the personal situation would be reformed anyway but mainly it would provide a counterweight to the power of the WTO and what is seen to be the increasing dominance of trade principals over environmental protection (cf. Elliott, 2004, p. 104). | The aim of the last approach is to get an legal entity for environmental issues - the environmental policy of the UN should no longer be hosted in a programme- there should be a special agency designed as the WTO or the WHO. A variety of models have been proposed for such an organization, ranging from a hierarchical and centralized body with considerable power to a more loose form of clustering of MEAs and their secretariat. Discussions are about rule making, stand-setting and enforcement; its relationship with existing Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs): whether it should be part of the UN or excluded of it; whether it would advantage or disadvantage the interest of developing countries. But all models do have some advantages in common: The financial system and the personal situation would be reformed anyway but mainly it would provide a counterweight to the power of the WTO and what is seen to be the increasing dominance of trade principals over environmental protection (cf. Elliott, 2004, p. 104). | ||
Different models were developed: For example the hierarchical world environmental organization was developed by the WBGU<ref> The model can be found under [http://www.wbgu.de/wbgu_jg2000_engl.html ''WBGU-model'']</ref>. Another scientific model was developed by Simonis and Biermann: The World Environment and Development Organization as a new specialized agency of the United Nations. The World Environment and Development Organization would integrate UNEP, the CSD and the relevant convention secretariats. As well it includes a high participation of non governmental organizations. Moreover to achieve the greatest possible acceptance the decision making process would be as a North-South parity process (Biermann & Simonis, 1998, p.3).<ref> More detailed information about this model can be found in the literature by Biermann & Simonis listed in the following </ref> | Different models were developed: For example the hierarchical world environmental organization was developed by the Wissenschaftlicher Beirat der Bundesregierung (WBGU = German Advisory Council on Global Change)<ref> The model can be found under [http://www.wbgu.de/wbgu_jg2000_engl.html ''WBGU-model'']</ref>. Another scientific model was developed by Simonis and Biermann: The World Environment and Development Organization as a new specialized agency of the United Nations. The World Environment and Development Organization would integrate UNEP, the CSD and the relevant convention secretariats. As well it includes a high participation of non governmental organizations. Moreover to achieve the greatest possible acceptance the decision making process would be as a North-South parity process (Biermann & Simonis, 1998, p.3).<ref> More detailed information about this model can be found in the literature by Biermann & Simonis listed in the following </ref> | ||
But both models did not have a high impact on the real reform-process. | But both models did not have a high impact on the real reform-process. | ||
However there is one model in reality in accordance with the specialized-agency-approach: The UNEO-Initiative. It was formed in 2005 by Jacques Ciraque as an international working group. The idea of an UNEO bases on the former reform process of strengthening UNEP: All of the ideas are integrated in this initiative. But the aim is the forming of an own environmental entity. Compared to the WBGU-Concept this idea is not a hierarchical one: The UNEO would be an umbrella organization- for all the other initiatives but without disbanding them. It has been argued that a UNEO should help to systematically pool the scientific knowledge on environmental issues and help to define global environmental strategic guidelines to promote coordination and synergies. But mainly a UNEO would have a greater prominence and a greater political clout than UNEP (cf. Meyer-Ohlendorf & Knigge, 2007, p. 137). | However there is one model in reality in accordance with the specialized-agency-approach: The UNEO-Initiative. It was formed in 2005 by Jacques Ciraque as an international working group. The idea of an UNEO bases on the former reform process of strengthening UNEP: All of the ideas are integrated in this initiative. But the aim is the forming of an own environmental entity. Compared to the WBGU-Concept this idea is not a hierarchical one: The UNEO would be an umbrella organization- for all the other initiatives but without disbanding them. It has been argued that a UNEO should help to systematically pool the scientific knowledge on environmental issues and help to define global environmental strategic guidelines to promote coordination and synergies. But mainly a UNEO would have a greater prominence and a greater political clout than UNEP (cf. Meyer-Ohlendorf & Knigge, 2007, p. 137). | ||