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The nature of globalisation. Global actors and driving forces: Difference between revisions
The nature of globalisation. Global actors and driving forces (view source)
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(Created page with '__NOTOC__ Václav Mezřický == WHAT IS GLOBALISATION? == Globalisation is a spontaneous, uncontrolled process of ever more intense integration of the world’s countries in a s...') |
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Finally, a third important theory must be cited: '''the global risk society theory''', authored by U. Beck. It states that the awareness of globality is reinforced by ecological shocks, such as the 2005 hurricane Katrina, which caused the flooding of New Orleans. The author of the theory says that a new situation may induce an awareness of a shared fate, which in turn could bring to life a cosmopolitan understanding of man’s position within the world and lead to the cancellation of boundaries between man, animal and plant. | Finally, a third important theory must be cited: '''the global risk society theory''', authored by U. Beck. It states that the awareness of globality is reinforced by ecological shocks, such as the 2005 hurricane Katrina, which caused the flooding of New Orleans. The author of the theory says that a new situation may induce an awareness of a shared fate, which in turn could bring to life a cosmopolitan understanding of man’s position within the world and lead to the cancellation of boundaries between man, animal and plant. | ||
==WHERE THE GLOBALISATION PROCESSES STARTED== | |||
The process of globalisation was initiated by numerous circumstances. The primary stimulus was the deregulation of dependency of national currencies on the dollar, which took place in 1971-1973. Until then, based on the Bretton Woods Treaties of 1944, there had been a system of fixed exchange rates of the world’s main currencies dependent on the US dollar. The deregulation of the dependency resulted in a transition to the system of so-called free-floating exchange rates, valid to date. Along with the oil crisis of 1973, the transition led to the establishment of multinational corporations and their expansion to new markets seeking new manufacturing opportunities, especially in developing countries, aiming at profit maximisation and capital accumulation. The deregulation of control over capital movement and the possibility to use the above mentioned comparative advantages primarily in developing countries have led to the ever growing numbers of multinational corporations (MNCs). | |||
== PROSPECTS == | == PROSPECTS == | ||
*[[DIFFERING VIEWS]] | *[[DIFFERING VIEWS]] | ||
*[[Conventionally considered positive aspects of globalisation]] | *[[Conventionally considered positive aspects of globalisation]] | ||
*[[Conventionally considered negative aspects of globalisation]] | *[[Conventionally considered negative aspects of globalisation]] | ||