The New Economic Market: Water: Difference between revisions

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Almost thirty years ago the discussion about water as a restricted good started to become a basic problem all over the world. In the course of globalization that caused the inter linking between countries and economy markets, the watermarked and water as an unlasting resource gained importance. Since the understanding rose that water wound last for ever and environmental organisations made the water shortage and water pollution to their main topic, politicians and ambassadors of countries started to focus on that.
Almost thirty years ago the discussion about water as a restricted good started to become a basic problem all over the world. In the course of globalization that caused the inter linking between countries and economy markets, the watermarked and water as an unlasting resource gained importance. Since the understanding rose that water wound last for ever and environmental organisations made the water shortage and water pollution to their main topic, politicians and ambassadors of countries started to focus on that.
The first world water conference was in 1977 in Mar del Plata in Argentina. Since then water was one of the main topics in political discussions. In the 80ties the aim was to offer worldwide water supply to every one, but the goal could not be fulfilled until today. The UNO (United Nations Organization), UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), UNICEF(United Nations Children's Fund), WHO (World Health Organization), FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) and a certain number of countries focused on the co-operation with each other and the co-operation with private investors to enable the worldwide water supply. The goals were clear. The currency of the water problem made the organisations focus on quick and effective solutions. But every organisation had different ideas and methods to solve this problem and bring far- and long-ranging chnages. On the international Conference on Water and Environment in Dublin, 1992 four resolutions were made that formed the guideline:  
The first world water conference was in 1977 in Mar del Plata in Argentina. Since then water was one of the main topics in political discussions. In the 80ties the aim was to offer worldwide water supply to every one, but the goal could not be fulfilled until today. The UNO (United Nations Organization), UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), UNICEF(United Nations Children's Fund), WHO (World Health Organization), FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) and a certain number of countries focused on the co-operation with each other and the co-operation with private investors to enable the worldwide water supply. The goals were clear. The currency of the water problem made the organisations focus on quick and effective solutions. But every organisation had different ideas and methods to solve this problem and bring far- and long-ranging chanages. On the international Conference on Water and Environment in Dublin, 1992 four resolutions were made that formed the guideline:  


“4 Dublin principles : - Fresh water is a finite and vulnerable resource, essential to sustain life, development and the environment. - Water development and management should be based on a participatory approach, involving users, planners and policy-makers at all levels - Women play a central part in the provision, management and safeguarding of water. - Water has an economic value in all its competing uses and should be recognize as an economic good.” (www.worldwatercouncil.org)
“4 Dublin principles : - Fresh water is a finite and vulnerable resource, essential to sustain life, development and the environment. - Water development and management should be based on a participatory approach, involving users, planners and policy-makers at all levels - Women play a central part in the provision, management and safeguarding of water. - Water has an economic value in all its competing uses and should be recognize as an economic good.” (www.worldwatercouncil.org)
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The World Bank as the international development bank often pointed out, that the deregulation and privatisation of water supply is the best solution to offer poor people access to important water infrastructure. Support from the World Bank as facilities and guarantees for water projects are often linked to the condition that private investors are participants, known as Public Private Partnership.  
The World Bank as the international development bank often pointed out, that the deregulation and privatisation of water supply is the best solution to offer poor people access to important water infrastructure. Support from the World Bank as facilities and guarantees for water projects are often linked to the condition that private investors are participants, known as Public Private Partnership.  
In the paper of the Dublin principles it is argued that “water pricing should primarily serve the purpose of financial sustainability through cost recovery”( Hubert Savenije and Pieter van der Zaag, International Water Resources Association). Important to think of is the fact of water prising, a focus should be given to equity considerations through, for example, increasing block tariffs. There is a need of defining a fair and reasonable price, that secures the acquisition for everyone.
In the paper of the Dublin principles it is argued that “water pricing should primarily serve the purpose of financial sustainability through cost recovery”( Hubert Savenije and Pieter van der Zaag, International Water Resources Association). Important to think of is the fact of water prising, a focus should be given to equity considerations through, for example, increasing block tariffs. There is a need of defining a fair and reasonable price that secures the acquisition for everyone.


== The lack of economic competition ==
== The lack of economic competition ==
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There are some possibilities to reduce the amount of virtual water and to dispense water more equally.
There are some possibilities to reduce the amount of virtual water and to dispense water more equally.
One possibility is to transport unused water from a region with an abundance of water to a region with low water abundance. This concept is used sparely. For example in Colorado in North America , a region with a high water abundance, the unused water is transported through pumps over the Rocky Mountains to a region with a low water abundance, California.
One possibility is to transport unused water from a region with an abundance of water to a region with low water abundance. This concept is used sparely. For example in Colorado in North America , a region with a high water abundance, the unused water is transported through pumps over the Rocky Mountains to a region with a low water abundance, California.
An other possibility to reduce the amount of virtual water is to use the water surplus in regions with a high water amount to produce goods that need a lot of water to be produced and to export them after they were produced. Then the water does not need to be exported.
Another possibility to reduce the amount of virtual water is to use the water surplus in regions with a high water amount to produce goods that need a lot of water to be produced and to export them after they were produced. Then the water does not need to be exported.
The next thing to think about is, how much water can be saved, if the product would be sold in the same regions were they were produced? The problem is that a lot of products cant be produced just in some specific regions. For example rice cant be produced in Germany, because there are not the right climate conditions.
The next thing to think about is, how much water can be saved, if the product would be sold in the same regions were they were produced? The problem is that a lot of products can’t be produced just in some specific regions. For example rice can’t be produced in Germany, because there are not the right climate conditions.
The consumption of food out of the region is never the less an important aspect, even if it is not possible with every kind of goods.
The consumption of food out of the region is never the less an important aspect, even if it is not possible with every kind of goods.


== Conclusion ==
== Conclusion ==


All the aspects that were mentioned are thoughts and developments concerning water supply and the possibilities of its sustainable handling. The fact that water is indispensable to life makes it necessary to find solutions to offer every one a secure water supply. The meetings and conferences that were held pointed the importance of water and its treatment out and made some important reforms possible. The fight for equal sustainable water supply is not won jet , and it will take a lot of time and energy.
All the aspects that were mentioned are thoughts and developments concerning water supply and the possibilities of its sustainable handling. The fact that water is indispensable to life makes it necessary to find solutions to offer every one a secure water supply. The meetings and conferences that were held pointed the importance of water and its treatment out and made some important reforms possible. The fight for equal sustainable water supply is not won jet, and it will take a lot of time and energy.
Water as a problem of equal utilisation and its importance for living is more and more in the mind of people.  
Water as a problem of equal utilisation and its importance for living is more and more in the mind of people.  
This article is focused on the importance of water and the different developments of the water sector.
This article is focused on the importance of water and the different developments of the water sector.
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Because of the privatisation every company has the chance to rent or buy the public water supply all over the world. But just the big and influential companies realistically do that and turn out to be the market regulator. On the one hand there are the companies that have the monopoly on the tap water as RWE and on the other hand there are the companies that have the monopoly on the water that is soled in a bottle as Coca Cola or Nestlé, just to mention some.
Because of the privatisation every company has the chance to rent or buy the public water supply all over the world. But just the big and influential companies realistically do that and turn out to be the market regulator. On the one hand there are the companies that have the monopoly on the tap water as RWE and on the other hand there are the companies that have the monopoly on the water that is soled in a bottle as Coca Cola or Nestlé, just to mention some.
The problem that turn out to be the loss of the status of water as a common property resource. The main idea was that through privatisation water will rise in quality and in the quality of supply, but it did not really worked out that way. There were some reasons for that. On the one hand the quality of the quality of the water-pipeline- system and on the other hand as mentioned the possibility of the creation of water monopolies.
The problem that turn out to be the loss of the status of water as a common property resource. The main idea was that through privatisation water will rise in quality and in the quality of supply, but it did not really worked out that way. There were some reasons for that. On the one hand the quality of the quality of the water-pipeline- system and on the other hand as mentioned the possibility of the creation of water monopolies.
Is is not easy to find solutions for this problems, it is clear that the ways of solving the problem as in the moment are no satisfaction. One opportunity would be to keep up the way of privatising the water sector but with a bigger focus on the postulate of a fixed prise that secures a good quality and the possibility for every one to effort water.  
It is not easy to find solutions for this problems, it is clear that the ways of solving the problem as in the moment are no satisfaction. One opportunity would be to keep up the way of privatising the water sector but with a bigger focus on the postulate of a fixed price that secures a good quality and the possibility for every one to effort water.  
Further the importance of the large amount of water wastage that is caused by the production of food as described in the part of the virtual water is important to keep in mind. It was pointed out that water is an unlasting good. The world has an amount of water that cant be changed. The handling of water in the moment does not consider this fact enough. If there wont be any changes the amount of usable water wont be enough for everyone in a few years. Some possible solutions were mentioned in the text as the transportation of water from a region with an abundance of water to a region with low water abundance. Or an other possibility is to use the water surplus in regions with a high water amount to produce goods that require a large amount of water in the production.
Further the importance of the large amount of water wastage that is caused by the production of food as described in the part of the virtual water is important to keep in mind. It was pointed out that water is an unlasting good. The world has an amount of water that can’t be changed. The handling of water in the moment does not consider this fact enough. If there won’t be any changes the amount of usable water won’t be enough for everyone in a few years. Some possible solutions were mentioned in the text as the transportation of water from a region with an abundance of water to a region with low water abundance. Or another possibility is to use the water surplus in regions with a high water amount to produce goods that require a large amount of water in the production.
In general it is important to have the scarcity of water and other goods in mind and in politic discussions the environment with its resources has to achieve an extra importance all over the world And not only for some years, rather until expedient solutions are found. Since the last 15 years the political movement towards environment protection is a positive affect but it has to be followed more intensively.
In general it is important to have the scarcity of water and other goods in mind and in politic discussions the environment with its resources has to achieve an extra importance all over the world And not only for some years, rather until expedient solutions are found. Since the last 15 years the political movement towards environment protection is a positive affect but it has to be followed more intensively.