Ghana: Gold Mining Resurgence: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Ghana Map.jpg|thumb|Ghana Map]]
[[File:Ghana Map.jpg|thumb|Ghana Map]]
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=Introduction=
=Introduction=


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After 1986, when mining sector reforms started (as a part of the macro-economic policy reforms of the economic recovery programme (ERP) initiated in 1983), considerable technological development occurred accompanied by exploration. Gold mining shifted from underground to surface mining and this caused, inter alia, enormous environmental impact. The country passed extensive policy changes to attract foreign investments that included “a conducive policy, legislative and administrative framework more conducive to business, and a thorough privatization programme”. These policy changes caused a shift in perception of the investment environment by investors and Ghana was recognized as one of the better countries in Africa for its most attractive geological and investment environment. (See <ref>http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/history/pre-colonial.php</ref>); (Read <ref name=Akabzaa>Akabzaa, T., & Darimani, A. (2001). Impact of mining sector investment in Ghana: A study of the Tarkwa mining region. Draft Report prepared for SAPRI, Available from http://www.saprin.org/ghana/research/gha_mining.pdf</ref>, pp. 7-16)
After 1986, when mining sector reforms started (as a part of the macro-economic policy reforms of the economic recovery programme (ERP) initiated in 1983), considerable technological development occurred accompanied by exploration. Gold mining shifted from underground to surface mining and this caused, inter alia, enormous environmental impact. The country passed extensive policy changes to attract foreign investments that included “a conducive policy, legislative and administrative framework more conducive to business, and a thorough privatization programme”. These policy changes caused a shift in perception of the investment environment by investors and Ghana was recognized as one of the better countries in Africa for its most attractive geological and investment environment. (See <ref>http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/history/pre-colonial.php</ref>); (Read <ref name=Akabzaa>Akabzaa, T., & Darimani, A. (2001). Impact of mining sector investment in Ghana: A study of the Tarkwa mining region. Draft Report prepared for SAPRI, Available from http://www.saprin.org/ghana/research/gha_mining.pdf</ref>, pp. 7-16)
==Case study – different viewpoints, interests==
==Case study – different viewpoints, interests==
  Assignment: in this case study, you have to “role play” different interest groups – and find relevant arguments to support your positions.
  Assignment: in this case study, you have to “role play” different interest groups
– and find relevant arguments to support your positions.
Here are requirements for your assignment: '''[[Scope and Structure of the 2011 Assignment|Scope and Structure of Your Text]]'''. You might work directly in this wiki, just follow the link to your interest group. For editing, just follow the [[technical help]] link.
 
The interest groups are as follows:
The interest groups are as follows:
===The mining industry===
===The mining industry===
…is the traditional source of income in developing countries – and has changed considerably under process of Globalization…
…is the traditional source of income in developing countries – and has changed considerably under process of Globalization…
'''[[The mining industry]]''' interest group should explore following topics and information sources:
====Needs:====
====Needs:====
The mining industry is greatly dependent on the factors mentioned above (social, institutional, political – creating a predictable environment), and also other infrastructure (technical and other facilities – transport, …)
The mining industry is greatly dependent on the factors mentioned above (social, institutional, political – creating a predictable environment), and also other infrastructure (technical and other facilities – transport, …)
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* Gordon, K., Pestre, F., & Oppenheimer, N. (2002). Moving towards healthier governance in host countries: the contribution of extractive industries. OECD Global Forum on International Investment Foreign Direct Investment and the Environment: Lessons from the Mining Sector (s 195). Available from http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/62/54/2066545.pdf  
* Gordon, K., Pestre, F., & Oppenheimer, N. (2002). Moving towards healthier governance in host countries: the contribution of extractive industries. OECD Global Forum on International Investment Foreign Direct Investment and the Environment: Lessons from the Mining Sector (s 195). Available from http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/62/54/2066545.pdf  
===Government & international organizations===
===Government & international organizations===
Needs: should ensure economic growth but also all the long-term cultural development (etc.) of the country
'''[[Government & international organizations]]''' interest group might work with following ideas and information sources:
Responsibility: sustainability in all aspects of development and local living standards
 
Needs: government should ensure economic growth but also all the long-term cultural development (etc.) of the country.
 
Its responsibility: sustainability in all aspects of development and local living standards.
====Sources of information:====
====Sources of information:====
* Ghana Mining Portal Available from http://www.ghana-mining.org/ghanaims/
* Ghana Mining Portal Available from http://www.ghana-mining.org/ghanaims/
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* Gordon, K., Pestre, F., & Oppenheimer, N. (2002). Moving towards healthier governance in host countries: the contribution of extractive industries. OECD Global Forum on International Investment Foreign Direct Investment and the Environment: Lessons from the Mining Sector (s 195). Available from http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/62/54/2066545.pdf  
* Gordon, K., Pestre, F., & Oppenheimer, N. (2002). Moving towards healthier governance in host countries: the contribution of extractive industries. OECD Global Forum on International Investment Foreign Direct Investment and the Environment: Lessons from the Mining Sector (s 195). Available from http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/62/54/2066545.pdf  
===Civil society===
===Civil society===
Is it really a partner for dialogue about long term visions?
Are '''[[Civil society|civil society]]''' representatives really a partner for dialogue about long term visions?
====Sources of information:====
====Sources of information:====
* “The need for binding standards to regulate surface mining in Ghana- by Daniel Owusu-Koranteng - executive director of the WASSA association of communities affected by mining (WACAM)” – try a Google search
* “The need for binding standards to regulate surface mining in Ghana- by Daniel Owusu-Koranteng - executive director of the WASSA association of communities affected by mining (WACAM)” – try a Google search
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** http://www.namart.50megs.com/GEF/EnvironNGOs.htm  
** http://www.namart.50megs.com/GEF/EnvironNGOs.htm  
===Research===
===Research===
How could '''[[Research|research]]''' institutions and researchers themselves contribute to the sustainable development of the region? What kind of information is needed:
====Sources of information:====
====Sources of information:====
* Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development (MMSD) project & Global Mining Initiative. Available from http://www.iied.org/sustainable-markets/key-issues/business-and-sustainable-development/mmsd-introduction
* Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development (MMSD) project & Global Mining Initiative. Available from http://www.iied.org/sustainable-markets/key-issues/business-and-sustainable-development/mmsd-introduction
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