Shopping centres: Difference between revisions

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'''I.Smolová, Z.Szczyrba: Large commercial centers in the Czech Republic - Landscape and regionally aspects of development, Palacky University Olomouc, 2000'''  
'''I.Smolová, Z.Szczyrba: Large commercial centers in the Czech Republic - Landscape and regionally aspects of development, Palacky University Olomouc, 2000'''  


*This paper describes the topic of commercial centres from the geographical point of view. Urban lanscape is seen as the highest degree of man´s impact on land and since 1989 the development of this landscape has been specially obvious in suburbanization. Factors of location are explained, emphasizing the role of lot prices and insufficient legal background and lack of regulation. The conflict between new shopping centers and the old retail network is mentioned. The national situation is also compared to other European countries according to the space standard indicator (selling area per inhabitant)<br> * Unfortunately this study is 10 years old, so the predictions and tendencies suggested are not up-to-date, nevertheless I find this paper usefull for my study case as it gives a good insight to the topic of shopping centres accompanied by 2000 specific data and examples (which enables a 2010 comparison probably)
*This paper describes the topic of commercial centres from the geographical point of view. Urban lanscape is seen as the highest degree of man´s impact on land and since 1989 the development of this landscape has been specially obvious in suburbanization. Factors of location are explained, emphasizing the role of lot prices and insufficient legal background and lack of regulation. The conflict between new shopping centers and the old retail network is mentioned. The national situation is also compared to other European countries according to the space standard indicator (selling area per inhabitant)
*Unfortunately this study is 10 years old, so the predictions and tendencies suggested are not up-to-date, nevertheless I find this paper usefull for my study case as it gives a good insight to the topic of shopping centres accompanied by 2000 specific data and examples (which enables a 2010 comparison probably)


'''Spatial Planning and Urban Development in the new EU member states: Chapter 8 - L.Sýkora: Urban Development, Policy and Planning in the Czech Republic and Prague, Ashgate Publishing, 2006'''  
'''Spatial Planning and Urban Development in the new EU member states: Chapter 8 - L.Sýkora: Urban Development, Policy and Planning in the Czech Republic and Prague, Ashgate Publishing, 2006'''  


*The czech chapter of this book consists of a overview of the construction sector in an economically and politically transforming region. It includes the problematic of leftover industrial sites (brownfields) and focusing on services instead. Suburbanization joined by commercialisation plays an important role again, equally important is the trend of commercializing city centres causing lower populations there. The lasting conflict between historical sights protection and new investments is cited as well. Sýkora also goes through the political forces and points out the absence of communication between various administrative organs as well as the absence of global concepts.<br> * This source is rather broad and includes topics which are not closely related to my study case but is useful to gain a more general overview of the topic of construction.
*The czech chapter of this book consists of a overview of the construction sector in an economically and politically transforming region. It includes the problematic of leftover industrial sites (brownfields) and focusing on services instead. Suburbanization joined by commercialisation plays an important role again, equally important is the trend of commercializing city centres causing lower populations there. The lasting conflict between historical sights protection and new investments is cited as well. Sýkora also goes through the political forces and points out the absence of communication between various administrative organs as well as the absence of global concepts.
 
*This source is rather broad and includes topics which are not closely related to my study case but is useful to gain a more general overview of the topic of construction.  
'''Planning analytical materials, City Development Authority Prague, 2008'''  
*'''Planning analytical materials, City Development Authority Prague, 2008'''  
 
*"The Planning Analytical Materials of the City of Prague documentation is intended as material for the preparation of instruments and policies aimed at influencing land development." This set of documents assesses the curent state of land use and observes related conditions (economic, demographic), both in text and graphic version. The important outcome is the Assasment of the Balance between the pillars of sustainable development and the Dessignation of issues to be solved, which talks also about the diminuition of green areas because of retail construction.
*"The Planning Analytical Materials of the City of Prague documentation is intended as material for the preparation of instruments and policies aimed at influencing land development." This set of documents assesses the curent state of land use and observes related conditions (economic, demographic), both in text and graphic version. The important outcome is the Assasment of the Balance between the pillars of sustainable development and the Dessignation of issues to be solved, which talks also about the diminuition of green areas because of retail construction.<br> * I appreciate this as an oficial governmental source of information to combine with the scientific perspectives. The main limitation is the absence of updates (this is the first edition and the 2010 isnt available yet) which disallows comparison and observation of progress.<br>
*I appreciate this as an oficial governmental source of information to combine with the scientific perspectives. The main limitation is the absence of updates (this is the first edition and the 2010 isnt available yet) which disallows comparison and observation of progress.<br>


'''Social Goegraphy of the Prague Region - Chapter 2, J.Temelová: The Reflection of Globalization in non-housing estate in Prague after 1990, Charles University in Prague, 2006'''  
'''Social Goegraphy of the Prague Region - Chapter 2, J.Temelová: The Reflection of Globalization in non-housing estate in Prague after 1990, Charles University in Prague, 2006'''  
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*I find this source very inspiring and enriching, because I haven´t though of the role of architecture in my study case before, so it provides new ideas for me. Shame that it doesnt include much conflict (eg. the question of landuse possibilities, whether all the new shopping and office yards were are neccessary)
*I find this source very inspiring and enriching, because I haven´t though of the role of architecture in my study case before, so it provides new ideas for me. Shame that it doesnt include much conflict (eg. the question of landuse possibilities, whether all the new shopping and office yards were are neccessary)


=== 2.Other Resources ===
=== 2.Other Resources ===


Civic associations: www.arnika.org, www.econnect.ecn.cz, www.modranskenoviny.cz
'''Civic associations''': www.arnika.org, www.econnect.ecn.cz, www.modranskenoviny.cz  


*All these websites publish announcements related to new construction sites and municipal plans. Generally speaking they express negative opinions about political decisions and complain about exlusion of citizen from the process of decision making. The core of complains lies in maintaining/preffering green areas instead of building retail estate.
*All these websites publish announcements related to new construction sites and municipal plans. Generally speaking they express negative opinions about political decisions and complain about exlusion of citizen from the process of decision making. The core of complains lies in maintaining/preffering green areas instead of building retail estate.  
*These sites are very because they show the existence of opposition to developers and lobbyist or even politicians. Of course their limits are biased statements and one also has to be aware of authors speaking "by the voice of people", because they might not be representing the majority.
*These sites are very because they show the existence of opposition to developers and lobbyist or even politicians. Of course their limits are biased statements and one also has to be aware of authors speaking "by the voice of people", because they might not be representing the majority.
'''Media:'''
www.profit.cz - Shopping centres mount up despite crisis, 2009
www.euro.cz - Transformation of a Dormitory, 2010 (about a plan for a aministrative-shopping centre in Prague 11)
www.ct24.cz - Arkády Pankrác are openning, other shopping centres struggle to survive
www.ekonom.cz - It takes just a stamp to turn a park into a parking, 2003 (about insufficient legal protections of land)
*Following comments from media is good because they discuss issues up-to-date and usually express common feelings/attitudes of the society. The limit here is that the information might be manipulated - some circumstances can be left out in the argumentation
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