Students:My case
My paragraph
General aspects of globalization
Globalization is a very abstract subject. It has enormous expressions and phenomena. The different dimensions of globalization like economic or social aspects are very different as for example the political or generational aspects. The questions are how can we maximize the benefits of globalization and minimize cons of globalization for much as possible people. Some people have to give up some familiar things so that other people can satisfy their basic needs.
Especially the economic dimension of globalization is a very interesting topic, because the established kinds of economy have to think new and have to be reorganized in the future. Many national markets have been transformed into global market. And the consequence of these transformations was winners and losers.
But who knows if a local loser maybe tomorrow a winner. And who knows if in another contest the winner of today maybe the loser of tomorrow.
In this paragraph have been some general aspects of globalization, which are part of every globalization discourse. And the next paragraph will be more detail.
Concrete paradigm
The internet pushes the globalization fast forward, like Jan Aart Scholte report “global events can -- via telecommunication, digital computers, audiovisual media, rocketry and the like -- occur almost simultaneously anywhere and everywhere in the world” (Scholte 1996, 45). In general the internet brings us benefits in several dimensions of globalization. An example for this is the “globalization of information” and the opportunity for us to sell and buy products and services all over the world.
Especially the sales of services, like the production and maintenance of software systems in particular Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in companies.
On the one hand there are some services which the consumers will even buy at the local dealer’s e.g. hairdressers, stylists, doctors and restaurants.
But on the other hand are there many services, like software, where the consumers not disturb were and on what part of the world these services will be produced and maintained.
Case study
I think it will be very interesting and fascinating to find such products and analyses the social, economic, political and cultural consequences for consumers, producers and environment. This will be shown with more details in the case study.
In my case study I would like to put the focus on a special issue of the globalization process. My wiki article will act of economic aspects of globalization. The first part of my case study I will pick up some aspects about a carbon credit currency. I found information about it in an article from Neeraj Singhal and Himani Gupta.
We see the results of the global warming every day. The climate chance is obvious for everybody. The average of temperature rises up and we get more and more extreme weather events. We have melting glaciers and polar bears which are melting and let rise the sea level. All those are consequences of the greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, ozone and nitrous oxide. The global warming is cause by two groups, the man-made and the natural causes. Some of the natural causes are for example the methane gas from the arctic tundra and wetlands. This greenhouse gas traps heat in the atmosphere. A typical man made problem is the burning of fossil fuels in our transportation vehicles, houses, power plants and factories. Important fossil fuels made of organic matter are oil and coal. The burning of the fuels gives off much carbon dioxide into the earth´s atmosphere. Mining coal give off much methane into the atmosphere.
Alternative problem is the population. More and more people need more and more food. To produce this food much more agriculture has to be established. Because of that new cows and other animals have to produce additional meat for these people, because the demand on meat rises.
The beginning
The birth of the idea of carbon credit currency came with the Kyoto Protocol. One target goal was the “stabilization of greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere at a love that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”. One result of this was the “legally binding commitment for the reductions of four greenhouse gases” for all member countries.
Another point of Kyoto was to define mechanisms like “Emissions Trading, the Clean Development Mechanism and Joint Implementation”
Questions to investigate in this context:
How works the Carbon market? It’s a global or a local market?
Who are the actors of this market and how are the organized?
Which size has this market today?
The transition to the key issues is:
„Carbon credits are a key component of national and international emissions trading schemes. They provide a way to reduce greenhouse effect emissions on an industrial scale by capping total annual emissions and letting the market assign a monetary value to any shortfall through trading.“ So it’s a key business for companies to sell their carbon credits to other (commercial) companies witch need carbon credits because of their polluting production or extensions.
Questions: Is Emission Trading a legitimate operation and what are the follows of it for us?
What classifications and structures are established?
My topic is directed related to the globalization process because it’s a part of the globalized economic markets and should reduce the climate change.
Literature review
Resource 1: “The Economic, Social and Political Elements of Climate Change” published by Walter Leal Filho, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2011
a) Content of the resource
The book is a collection of articles from several authors about phenomena of Climate Change.
b) Usefulness of the resource
The book is divided into 50 several articles. Every article is from another author. It has the parts “Social Aspects of Climate Change“, “Economic Aspects of Climate Change“, „Political Aspects of Climate Change“ and „Practical Aspects, Initiatives, Frameworks and Projects“. Interesting for my case study is the chapters about the economic aspects. The chapter about carbon emissions certificates is especially important for my case study because of the detailed presentation of the several matters. But all the examples are affected of the climate change. But my globalization case study should also display some of these climate change affects.
c) Limitations of the resource Most case studies in book have their focus on the climate Change aspects and not so much on aspects of globalization. So it’s only in some aspects useful for my case study writing process.
Resource 2: „Peking versteht die Globalisierung nicht“published on the 20.10.2010 by Christoph Bertram
a) Content of the resource It is an article witch has been published on “Zeit online” The author writes about the differences in the development of economic and politic aspects in newly industrialized countries. He shows it in the example of china.
b) Usefulness of the resource
The article let us know that it’s not clear that a country which is economical high developed has not the same standards of democratic for example as we in the most countries in Europe.
c) Limitations of the resource
I think this article is only limited useful for my case study. But I think it will make sense to look for some other literature about such standards.
Resource 3:„Schwellenländer müssen die Weltordnung mitgestalten“ published on the 11.11.2010 by Jeanne Lätt on Zeit Online [2]
a) Content of the resource
The author describe in the article the chances and opportunities of emerging economies to influence the world governance. She describe that countries of the south and countries of the north have not the same values and expectations about the environment, the climate change and the other political, economic and social values. And if the countries of the south would more raise their voices together they would get more influence in the world’s governance.
b) Usefulness of the resource
The text is in one point useful. He shows that political, economic and social aspects have a different awareness in several countries and because of the globalization process we get a more intensive dialog about this values and opportunities.
c) Limitations of the resource
There is no direct connection between the directions which my case study should follow and it’s not concrete enough in point of the economic effects.
Resource 4:”Globalisierung – Segen oder Fluch?” Published on the 24.01.2009 by Anette Dowideit, Steffen Fründt, Sebastian Jost und Christiane Kühl on Welt online [3]
a) Content of the resource
The article is about the pros and cons of globalization. The authors show some members of the young generation, who are winners of the globalization. They consume global distributed products and live a globalized way of live with the Internet and global brands like “MTV”.
b) Usefulness of the resource
The article is a good entrance into the pros of the economic aspects of the globalization process. I think some other literature will be useful for a more detailed view of the pros and cons of the economic aspects.
c) Limitations of the resource
The article shows much more winners and pros of the globalization than losers.
Resource 5: “Brauchen wir eine CO2-Steuer auf alles?”Published on 04.01.2010 by Gebhard Kirchgänser and Sonha Peterson on Zeit Online
a) Content of the resource
The authors compare the alternative of the emissions certificates trade and an emission tax. In the first part of the article he describes the pros of an emission tax instead of emissions certificates and the second part describes the pros of emission certificate trading instead of a tax system.
b) Usefulness of the resource
The authors describe their opinion they have of the two different systems in the debate and the reader of the article must decide which side is the favorable.
c) Limitations of the resource
The article only displays the system of an emission tax and the system of emission certificate trading, but they don´t say anything about other systems which may be possible or attractive.